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.............................. Pentax
Logo and Trademark..............................
Pentax Corporation (ペンタックス株式会社, Pentakkusu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese company founded in 1919 as Asahi Optical Joint Stock Co. (旭光学工業合資会社, Asahi Kōgaku Kōgyō Gōshi-gaisha), spectacle lens manufacturers. The period around 1950 marked the return of the Japanese photographic industry to the vigorous level of the early 1940s, and its emergence as a major exporter. The newly reborn industry had sold many of its cameras to the occupation forces (with hugely more disposable income than the Japanese) and they were well received. The Korean War saw a huge influx of journalists and photographers to the Far East, where they were impressed by lenses from companies such as Nikon and Canon for their Leica rangefinder cameras, and also by bodies by these and other companies to supplement and replace the Leica and Contax cameras they were using. This was the background to the development of Asahi Optical's first camera.
Three new models were introduced at once in 1975: the K2, KM and KX. The KM was almost identical in features and operation to the Spotmatic F. The KX featured a better TTL light meter using SPD (silicon photodiodes), visible aperture and shutter speeds in the viewfinder, and a mirror lock-up mechanism. The K2, the flagship model, incorporated aperture-priority autoexposure with a fully manually selectable range of shutter speeds from 1s to 1/1000. The only other aperture priority camera Pentax had made up to this point, the ES series, only had manual shutter speeds from 1/60 upwards. A special version of the K2 was also produced (called the K2DMD) to use a motor drive and data back. A later addition to the K series was the K1000 (basically a KM stripped of its self-timer and depth of field preview), later to find fame as the perennial camera of choice for photography students.
What set these cameras apart from any earlier Pentax was the removal of the M42 lens mount. With the K series of cameras, Pentax followed its rivals and introduced its own bayonet mount, the K mount. Still the basis for Pentax lenses and cameras today, this offered greater convenience and enabled the production of faster lenses such as the 50 mm f/1.2. Eager to keep M42 users in the Pentax system, an M42-K Mount adaptor was offered, enabling M42 users to continue to use their existing lenses (with loss of automation).
The K series cameras followed the design ethos of the time, big and heavy. But scarcely had the K series been introduced than Pentax worked on a new camera line, a new camera line reflecting a new ethos - one which continues to influence Pentax to this day.
In 2005, Pentax Corporation partnered with Samsung Techwin to share work on camera technologies and recapture market ground from Nikon and Canon. Then Pentax and Samsung started releasing new DSLR siblings from this agreement. The Pentax *istDS2 and *istDL2 also appeared as the Samsung GX-1S and GX-1L, while the jointly developed (90% Pentax and 10% Samsung) Pentax K10D gave birth to the Samsung GX-10. Pentax lenses (made in Vietnam) are also rebranded and sold as the Schneider Kreuznach D-Xenon and D-Xenogon lenses for the Samsung DSLRs.
On December 21, 2006, Hoya Corporation and Pentax Corporation held a joint press conference announcing their merging into Hoya Pentax HD Corporation, to become fully effective on October 1st, 2007. Despite turmoil within Pentax that occurred following this announcement, including the resignation of Pentax CEO Fumio Urano in April and an announcement that the merger would not go ahead, it now appears that it will in fact happen as originally planned.
The new company will focus its main business on the following areas: life care, eye care, optics, information technology, imaging systems. Pentax's main competitors include Canon, Leica, Nikon, Olympus and Sony.
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