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.............................. Syngenta
Logo and Trademark..............................
Syngenta AG is a large global agribusiness which markets seeds and crop protection products (pesticides). Syngenta is involved in biotechnology and genomic research. The company is a leader in crop protection, and ranks third in total sales in the commercial agricultural seeds market. Sales in 2005 were approximately US$ 8.1 billion. Syngenta employs over 21,000 people in over 90 countries. Syngenta is listed on the Swiss stock exchange (SWX: SYNN) and in New York NYSE: SYT.
Based in Basel, Switzerland, Syngenta was formed in 2000 by the merger of Novartis Agribusiness and Zeneca Agrochemicals. Its roots are considerably older.
In 1758 the city’s Johann Rudolf Geigy-Gemuseus began trading in “Materials, Chemicals, Dyes and Drugs of all kinds”. In 1876, Sandoz Laboratories began business in Basel, followed in 1884 by Ciba. These three companies ultimately became Novartis in 1995. Ciba-Geigy, formed in 1971, had concentrated mainly on crop protection in its agro division, Sandoz more on seeds.
Zeneca Agrochemicals was part of AstraZeneca, and formerly of Imperial Chemical Industries. ICI was formed in the UK in 1926. Two years later, work began at the Agricultural Research Station at Jealott’s Hill near Bracknell. In 2004, Syngenta Seeds purchased the North American corn and soybean business of Advanta, as well as Garst and Golden Harvest.
In 21 October, 2007, a Brazilian peasant organization, MST, led a group of landless farmers on an occupation of one of the company's seed research farms, in protest against genetically-modified vegetables and in hopes of obtaining land for landless families to cultivate. After the occupation had begun, a group of gunmen arrived in a minibus and attacked the protesters. A security guard was killed, various protesters were wounded, and Valmir Mota de Oliveira, known as Keno, was executed with two shots on the chest.
Surviving protesters, and sympathizers (Including Sarah Wilson, of the Christian Aid) claimed that the gunmen were under orders of Syngenta to kill the occupiers, but the company says that the guards of the security company they contracted were not allowed to carry guns. The MST claimed further that NF Security was a front company controlled by rural producer organizations linked to the agribusiness. Amnesty International expressed concern, and said that threats and intimidation by gunmen hired by landowners and agricultural companies are a common occurrence in Paraná. Syngenta recently opposed a Swiss ban on genetically modified organisms.
Syngenta claims to promote a sustainable agriculture ethic although some fundamental aspects of the company's structure and products call this into question. Syngenta's business directly promotes the concept of monocultural production through its development of genetically modified herbicide resistant crops. Sustainable agriculture doctrine questions the sustainability of monocultural cropping system. Atrazine is an endocrine disruptor, is persistent in soil and water and is a major contaminant of well-water in the Midwestern United States. In addition, Atrazine has been proven to enter fresh water supplies and some claim it has the potential to cause hormonal imbalances in humans. This sort of toxicity and residue duration can potentially harm the soil food web and is therefore counter to the prevailing consensus on sustainability.
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