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.............................. US Airways
Logo and Trademark..............................
US Airways is an American airline headquartered in Tempe, Arizona, owned by US Airways Group, Inc. The airline is the sixth largest airline in the United States, and the largest low-cost airline in the United States by number of destinations. US Airways has a fleet of 357 mainline jet aircraft and 352 "express" (regional jet and turbo-prop) aircraft connecting 240 destinations in North America, Central America, the Caribbean, Hawaii, and Europe. As of February 2007, US Airways employs 37,675 people worldwide and operates 3,860 daily flights.
US Airways operates primary hubs in Charlotte, Philadelphia, Phoenix and Las Vegas.US Airways also maintains focus city operations at Washington Reagan National, New York LaGuardia, Pittsburgh and Boston. The airline operates the US Airways Shuttle, a US Airways brand which provides hourly service between key Northeastern markets. Regional airline service is branded as US Airways Express, operated by contract and subsidiary airline companies.
US Airways also has a partnership with Midwest Airlines at Kansas City. US Airways allows for code sharing in Kansas City with Midwest to select destinations in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska. US Airways Express serves smaller rural communities from Kansas City and uses the Midwest Airlines hub traffic to help fill the seats on these flights. The US Airways Express flights operated from Kansas City are operated by Air Midwest, which is a division of Mesa Airlines. Unisys and BusinessWeek refer to US Airways as a legacy carrier. The Las Vegas Review-Journal refers to US Airways as a low-cost airline.
Allegheny changed its name to USAir in 1979 following the passage of the Airline Deregulation Act the previous year, which allowed the airline to expand its route network to the southern United States. In the early 1980s, its routes in the Northeast were fed by Ransome Airlines, among others. It was at this time with a new corporate name that the company moved its corporate headquarters from Pittsburgh to Arlington (Crystal City), Virginia near Washington, D.C., although Pittsburgh would remain its primary hub for another two decades.
USAir was a launch customer for the Boeing 737-300, as the airline needed an aircraft with greater capacity to serve its rapidly-growing Florida markets. USAir was the world's largest operator of DC-9 aircraft and approached McDonnell Douglas for a new airplane. However, in the late 1970s, the company's proposed successor to the DC-9-50 did not suit USAir's requirements. After negotiations with McDonnell Douglas broke down, Boeing stepped forward with a proposed variant of the 737. USAir chose this aircraft and the company worked closely with Boeing during its development, receiving the first plane on November 28, 1984.
In 1996, USAir closed its relationship with British Airways and announced its re-branding as US Airways. It expanded its flights to Europe through the end of the decade, and bought out the remains of Trump Shuttle in 1997. That same year it introduced a single-class service known as MetroJet, which attempted to compete with low-cost carriers expanding into the East, in particular Southwest Airlines.
On November 6, 1996, just following the re-branding to US Airways, US Airways placed an order for up to 400 Airbus A320-series narrow body aircraft, with 120 firm orders at the time of the order signing. At the time, it was regarded as the largest single aircraft order in history. In 1998, the airline followed with an order for up to 30 Airbus A330-series or A340-series widebody aircraft, with an initial firm order for 7 A330-300 aircraft. These orders accomplished two goals: 1) they allowed US Airways to replace older aircraft with newer, more efficient aircraft; and 2) helped with the re-branding and repositioning of US Airways as the "Global Carrier of Choice".
Although the airline had returned to profitability in the mid-1990s, its route network's concentration in the U.S. Northeast and high operating costs prompted calls to merge with another airline. On May 24, 2000 US Airways announced plans to be acquired for $4.3 billion by UAL Corp., the parent company of United Airlines, the world's largest commercial carrier at the time. The complex deal drew immediate objections from labor unions, consumer advocates, and antitrust regulators. Negotiations stalled; with both airlines losing money and the deal all but certain to be blocked by the federal government, UAL withdrew its purchase offer on July 27, 2001, paying US Airways a $50 million penalty for withdrawing from the deal.
Beginning in 2000, US Airways started retiring several aircraft types in an attempt to simplify its fleet to lower costs. These aircraft types were replaced by new A320 family aircraft.
As the largest carrier at Washington-Reagan, US Airways was disproportionately impacted by that airport's extended closure following the September 11 terrorist attacks. The resulting financial disaster precipitated the closure of the airline's MetroJet network, which included the de-hubbing of the subsidiary's primary operating base at Baltimore-Washington International Airport, and the furloughing of thousands of employees. The airline entered Chapter 11 bankruptcy on August 11, 2002. The company received a government-guaranteed loan through the Air Transportation Stabilization Board and was able to exit bankruptcy after a relatively short period. On October 19, 2005, the loan was repaid when the debt was refinanced with other lenders.
In early 2003, US Airways management liquidated the pensions of its 6,000 pilots, sending their pensions to the federal pension program, PBGC, or Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. It was one of the first major airlines to drop pilots' pensions to save money, and other airlines have subsequently tried to do the same. Following an initial trial run of selling in-flight food in 2003, US Airways discontinued complimentary meal service on domestic flights.
In August 2004, US Airways attempted to build a Latin American gateway at Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood, announcing service to 10 cities in Latin America and the Caribbean. The attempt was largely unsuccessful and short-lived, in part due to Fort Lauderdale’s proximity to American Airlines’ hub at Miami International Airport, with access to an extensive Latin American network. In an attempt to stem further financial losses, in November 2004 US Airways officially de-hubbed Pittsburgh International Airport, and began a process of de-emphasizing its hub-and-spoke system to capitalize on direct flights between major eastern airports such as Washington-Reagan, New York-LaGuardia, and Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood. This emphasis on more direct flights has been undertaken by many airlines of late, as an attempt to capitalize on the highest-profit routes, and is modeled after Southwest Airlines' system, one which most U.S. airlines used until the mid-1980s.
The airline became the 15th member of the Star Alliance on May 4, 2004. However, high fuel costs and deadlocked negotiations with organized labor (chiefly the Air Line Pilots Association, who were traditionally the first group to come to a concessionary agreement) forced US Airways into a second round of Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection proceedings, on September 12, 2004. Widespread employee discontent and irregularly high sick calls were blamed by the airline for a staff shortage around the 2004 Christmas holiday, a public relations disaster which led to speculation that the airline could be liquidated; the USDOT, however, found that the problems were caused mainly due to poor planning by management.
US Airways' routes are heavily concentrated in the Eastern United States, Western United States, and Caribbean, with a number of routes to Europe and several destinations on the west coast. Their west coast presence has increased dramatically following the merger with America West Airlines. Codesharing with United Airlines has dramatically helped US Airways by allowing the airline to offer its customers extensive service throughout the Midwest, Great Plains, and Rocky Mountain states. Services to South America, Asia, and Australia are also provided via the United Airlines codeshare. Likewise, United passengers benefit from increased access to the Eastern Seaboard and South, Europe, and the Caribbean. US Airways Express carriers operate a number of routes, primarily into US Airways' hubs and focus cities, but with a few exceptions, in particular where smaller US Airways Express carriers operate service under the EAS program, and also some point-to-point routes in the northeast and Carolinas. In February 2007 the airline announced that their official operations center would be located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
On July 16, 2007 US Airways announced it had applied with the Department of Transportation for nonstop service between Philadelphia and Beijing. If approved, the flights would begin in March 2009 and would utilize Airbus A340 aircraft and would originate in Charlotte using a Boeing 767. On September 25, 2007 The Department of Transportation stated they have tentatively awarded US Airways, Charlotte-Phildelphia-Beijing route to begin in March 2009. The airline has also applied for flights to Bogotá, Colombia starting in 2008 from Charlotte.
US Airways fly a fleet of 357 twinjets, divided between mostly newer Airbus aircraft and generally older Boeing aircraft. US Airways operates 358 aircraft. As of March 2007, the combined airlines operate the largest fleet of Airbus aircraft in the world. Former America West aircraft are still based out of Phoenix and Las Vegas with the exception of some Airbus A321s that have been transferred to Phoenix.
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